Resources & Learning

Starting points for understanding international development, the books, data, and terms that come up again and again. This is a working list, added to as it grows.

Poor Economics

Abhijit V. Banerjee & Esther Duflo, 2011

Uses randomized controlled trials to test what actually changes poor households' decisions around health, education, and money, and argues development policy should follow the evidence rather than ideology.

Dead Aid

Dambisa Moyo, 2009

A Zambian economist's case against government-to-government aid, arguing it entrenches dependency and corruption instead of building functioning economies. Contested, but a useful counterweight to the standard aid narrative.

The Bottom Billion

Paul Collier, 2007

Argues that roughly a billion people are stuck in a small group of countries trapped by conflict, resource curses, bad governance, or geography: a different problem than "the developing world" as a whole, and one that needs different tools.

The White Man's Burden

William Easterly, 2006

Contrasts top-down aid "planners" who impose grand solutions with bottom-up "searchers" who solve specific problems by trial and error, and argues the second group gets more done.

Doing Good Better

William MacAskill, 2015

Lays out the effective altruism case for judging charitable work by evidence and cost-effectiveness, not good intentions: useful for thinking about how funding decisions actually get made.

World Bank Open Data

Free, country-by-country data on poverty, health, education, and the economy: the standard first stop for a development statistic.

UNDP Human Development Reports

Annual reports ranking countries on the Human Development Index, with deep dives on specific themes each year.

Afrobarometer

Independent, pan-African surveys on how ordinary people actually experience democracy, governance, and daily life: a good check against top-down narratives.

Devex

News, funding data, and jobs coverage for the global development sector: useful for understanding who funds what, and how the industry itself works.

NGO
Non-Governmental Organization: a nonprofit operating independently of government, usually on a social, humanitarian, or environmental issue.
INGO
International NGO: an NGO operating across multiple countries, as distinct from a purely local or national one.
ODA
Official Development Assistance: government aid given to promote the economic development and welfare of developing countries, tracked by the OECD.
SDGs
Sustainable Development Goals: 17 goals adopted by UN member states in 2015 as a shared target for global progress by 2030.
MEL
Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning: the practice of tracking whether a program is working, assessing its impact, and using what's learned to improve it.
Localization
The shift, underway across the aid sector, toward putting more funding and decision-making directly in the hands of local and national organizations rather than international intermediaries.
Capacity building
Support aimed at strengthening the skills, systems, and resources a local organization needs to operate effectively and sustain its work independently.